The scenario
Design a unity-gain Sallen-Key second-order Butterworth low-pass filter for audio or sensor signal conditioning, using an op-amp with dual supply rails and annotated passive component values.
What is in this drawing
Read the decisions behind it.
01
Unity-gain Sallen-Key topology chosen for simplicity and stable Butterworth response
02
Equal resistor values (10kΩ) and capacitor ratio 2:1 (22nF/11nF) for Q=0.707
03
Dual ±12V supply rails (VCC/VEE) power the op-amp
When a flat passband low-pass filter with -40dB/decade rolloff and minimal component count is required.
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