The scenario
A mobile robot uses an ESP32 to process ultrasonic distance readings and drive two DC motors through an L298N H-bridge.
What is in this drawing
Read the decisions behind it.
01
Use a 7.4V battery with buck and LDO regulators to provide clean 5V and 3.3V rails
02
Route motor PWM and ultrasonic trigger/echo through dedicated ESP32 GPIO pins
03
Add a resistor divider on the HC-SR04 echo line to drop 5V logic to 3.3V-safe levels
Reuse this structure for small autonomous vehicles or robotics projects that need an ESP32, dual-motor driver, and ultrasonic obstacle detection.
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